Reviving the Soil: Africa’s Ambitious Plan to Transform Agriculture by 2033

Kilimokwanza.org Reporter

The African Union, in partnership with various stakeholders, has launched an ambitious ten-year plan to transform agriculture across the continent through improved soil health and sustainable fertilizer management. The Africa Fertilizer and Soil Health Action Plan (AFSHAP), from 2023 to 2033, is designed to combat soil degradation, increase agricultural productivity, and ensure food security in response to growing demographic pressures and climate change challenges.

Background: The necessity of the AFSHAP was recognized following the stark revelations at the 2006 Africa Fertilizer Summit in Abuja and subsequent gatherings, where it was highlighted that despite minor increases in fertilizer use, the continent’s agricultural productivity remains significantly below global averages. Current fertilizer usage in Africa starkly contrasts the global average, with severe impacts on food security and economic stability.

Goals and Vision: The primary aim of the AFSHAP is to enhance soil health, significantly increase the use of both organic and mineral fertilizers, and establish robust agricultural practices resilient to climate change. The plan’s vision is to reverse soil degradation, which has been a persistent issue leading to decreased crop yields and increased malnutrition.

Strategic Approaches: The action plan outlines a multi-faceted approach involving:

1. Policy Improvement: Establishing conducive policy environments for sustainable soil health and fertilizer management.
2. Investment in Research and Development: Encouraging local production of fertilizers and development of innovative agricultural techniques tailored to various African climates and soils.
3. Education and Capacity Building: Enhancing the skills and knowledge base of farmers, agricultural workers, and institutions to promote sustainable practices effectively.
4. Infrastructure Development: Improving the accessibility and affordability of fertilizers through better logistic networks and financial systems.

Expected Outcomes: By 2033, AFSHAP aims to triple the current fertilizer usage from 18 kg/ha to 54 kg/ha, double cereal crop productivity, and substantially expand sustainable soil management practices. These ambitious targets are essential for meeting the food requirements of Africa’s rapidly growing population, projected to reach 2 billion by 2040.

Challenges and Opportunities: Despite the clear objectives and the critical need, the AFSHAP faces significant challenges, including logistic inefficiencies, financial constraints, and the need for extensive collaboration across multiple sectors and countries. However, the plan’s integrated approach presents a unique opportunity to transform Africa’s agricultural landscape through improved productivity and sustainability.

Conclusion: The AFSHAP is a cornerstone in Africa’s strategy to achieve food security and economic resilience through sustainable agricultural practices. As the plan unfolds over the next decade, it will require continuous assessment, adaptation, and commitment from all stakeholders to ensure its goals are met, potentially setting a precedent for global agricultural policy in similarly affected regions.